種養結合循環農業建設的重要性和緊迫性
黨中央(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院高度(du)重(zhong)視農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)循環(huan)經濟(ji)發展(zhan)(zhan)。《中共中央(yang)關(guan)于制定國(guo)(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)和(he)社會發展(zhan)(zhan)第十三個五(wu)年(nian)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃的(de)(de)建(jian)議》要(yao)求“樹(shu)立節(jie)約集(ji)約循環(huan)利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)資(zi)源(yuan)觀”“加大農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)面源(yuan)污(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)力度(du)”“推進(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)廢棄(qi)物資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)、無害化(hua)處(chu)理”。2015年(nian)中央(yang)1號文(wen)件(jian)明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)指(zhi)出(chu)“開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)秸(jie)稈(gan)、畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)糞(fen)便(bian)資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)和(he)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)田殘(can)膜回收區域性示范”“加大對生(sheng)豬、奶牛(niu)、肉(rou)牛(niu)、肉(rou)羊標準化(hua)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)場(小區)建(jian)設支持(chi)力度(du)”。2016年(nian)中央(yang)1號文(wen)件(jian)要(yao)求“啟(qi)動(dong)實施(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)結合循環(huan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)示范工(gong)程”。國(guo)(guo)務(wu)院發布的(de)(de)《水污(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)行動(dong)計(ji)劃》明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)要(yao)求“自2016年(nian)起,新建(jian)、改建(jian)、擴建(jian)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)化(hua)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)場(小區)要(yao)實施(shi)雨污(wu)分流(liu)、糞(fen)便(bian)污(wu)水資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)”。《畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)(mo)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)污(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)條例》明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)“防治(zhi)(zhi)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)污(wu)染,推進(jin)(jin)畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)廢棄(qi)物的(de)(de)綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)和(he)無害化(hua)處(chu)理。”《土壤(rang)污(wu)染防治(zhi)(zhi)行動(dong)計(ji)劃》指(zhi)出(chu)“加強畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)糞(fen)便(bian)綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong),在部分生(sheng)豬大縣開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)有(you)機結合、循環(huan)發展(zhan)(zhan)試(shi)點”。《全(quan)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(2016—2020年(nian))》明(ming)確(que)(que)(que)要(yao)“實施(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)結合循環(huan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)工(gong)程”。《全(quan)國(guo)(guo)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可(ke)持(chi)續發展(zhan)(zhan)規(gui)(gui)(gui)劃(2015—2030年(nian))》也要(yao)求“優化(hua)調整種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)結構,促進(jin)(jin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)循環(huan)、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)牧(mu)結合、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)林結合”。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)結合是(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)和(he)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)緊密銜(xian)接的(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)模(mo)(mo)式,是(shi)將畜(chu)(chu)(chu)禽(qin)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)糞(fen)污(wu)作為(wei)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)肥源(yuan),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)供(gong)飼(si)料,并(bing)消(xiao)納養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)廢棄(qi)物,使物質(zhi)和(he)能量在動(dong)植(zhi)物之間進(jin)(jin)行轉換的(de)(de)循環(huan)式農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。加快推動(dong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)結合循環(huan)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發展(zhan)(zhan),是(shi)提(ti)高農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)效率(lv)、保護農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)、促進(jin)(jin)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綠(lv)色發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)舉(ju)措。